The concept of balanced battery technology and application

To the equipment in order to provide sufficient voltage, lithium dell vostro 1310 battery, hp pavilion dm3 battery pack is usually made by a number of batteries in series, but if the battery capacity mismatch between the impact will be the capacity of the entire battery pack. To this end, we lost the need for a balanced allocation of the battery. This article discusses the concept of balanced battery and some attention.

Li-ion battery pack is usually one or more batteries in parallel, each battery pack by 3-4 in series constitute a battery. This combination can satisfy the laptop at the same time, medical equipment, testing equipment and industrial applications of the voltage and power requirements. However, the general configuration of this application does not usually exert their maximum effect, because if the capacity of a battery in series with other batteries do not match will reduce the capacity of the Toshiba laptop battery pack.

Battery capacity does not match, including state-of-charge (SOC) and capacity mismatch / energy (C / E) mismatch. In both cases, the total capacity of the battery pack can only reach the capacity of the weakest battery. In most cases, the mismatch caused by the battery of the reasons for process control and testing are imperfect means, rather than lithium-ion changes in their chemical properties. Prismatic lithium batteries (LiIonprismaticcell) required more time in the production of mechanical stress, the battery is more prone to the difference between. In addition, the lithium-ion toshiba pa3399u-1brs battery, toshiba pa3399u-1bas battery will be because the introduction of new technology and the emergence of differences between the battery.

Balanced use of the battery SOC and treatment techniques to address C / E mismatch problem, thereby improving the tandem performance of lithium-ion battery pack. Through the initial adjustment process in a balanced treatment of the cells can be corrected mismatch problem, since only in the charging process can be balanced, and the C / E mismatch must be sufficient discharge to a balanced process. Even though a battery manufacturer for their products in terms of possible defect rate is very low, but in order to avoid too short battery life, we still have the need for further quality assurance.

The definition of a balanced battery

Working voltage of 6V or more portable devices powered used in series, in which case the total battery pack voltage of the battery voltage of the series and. Portable computer from the battery pack is usually three or four batteries together in series, nominal voltage of 10.8V or 14.4V. In most such applications, a single series battery pack can not provide the energy needed. The biggest battery current (such as 18650) provides 2000mAh (milliamp hours) of energy, and the computer required 50-60Whr (5000-6000mAh) energy, it must give each series of three battery cells in parallel.

Battery balance refers to the series are different hp compaq 6510b battery, hp compaq 6910p battery (or battery) Use of differential current. Battery packs in series for each of the current battery is the same as usual, it is necessary to increase the extra battery pack and circuit components to achieve a balanced battery. Only when the battery pack in the battery are connected in series, at the same time series equal to or greater than the three-tier battery when the battery will consider the balance. When the battery pack to meet all batteries have the following two conditions, we achieve a balanced battery:

1. If all the capacity of the the same as when their relative status as charging the battery when the balanced implementation. SOC is usually the current capacity and nominal capacity expressed as a percentage, therefore, open circuit voltage (OCV) can be used as a measure of SOC. If a battery pack is not balanced all of the battery can be recharged through the differential reach full capacity (equilibrium point), they will be able to carry out the normal charge and discharge without any additional adjustment, this adjustment is usually a one-off. Users when using the new battery, it normally takes a long time called for charging batteries, in fact this process, including a full release – charge. So that the process to minimize the load and the longest battery and reduce battery requirements of a balanced circuit.

2. If the asus a32-f3 battery, asus a3000 battery capacity is different from the same when the SOC that they are balanced. However, SOC is a relative value, the absolute value of the capacity of each cell are different. Different in order to make the battery capacity SOC the same for each of the battery charge and discharge in series must be used when the difference current.

Normal charge and discharge time of the initial charge and discharge more quickly, and required greater current.

When the battery pack in the battery is not balanced, it will reduce the available capacity, serial battery pack in the battery capacity will determine the minimum of the total capacity battery pack. Imbalance in the battery pack, a battery or some other battery will still charge the maximum capacity has been achieved. In the discharge when the battery is not fully charged battery will be released than other electric end, the battery pack due to insufficient voltage to the supply of electricity in advance.

Typically, the satellite a65 series capacity of the differences between the less than 3%. If the lithium battery packs in series to a battery of sub-standard, or placed in the package too long ago, after the electricity at a voltage difference of up to 150mV, so that the total capacity of the battery pack dropped 13-18%.

SOC balanced treatment

If the battery pack in the battery capacity of all the same, we will deal with the use of SOC balance. When all the battery SOC value at the same time we believe that the satellite a60-662 battery are balanced.

A single battery charge status is defined as:

SOC = C / CTOTAL%

The capacity of a single cell is defined as:

C = (i × t) mAh

In order to determine the capacity of a hp pavilion dv2 battery, hp pavilion dv7 battery, hp pavilion dv6 battery , we have the battery fully discharge and then recharge, and recharge in the process of current measurement at different time until it reaches the open circuit voltage of 4.20V. The best performance of the battery status in the SOC for the 100%, SOC 50% of the OCV voltage is often referred to as VMID, its typical value of 3.67V.

In order to give a different battery capacity so that they achieve the same SOC, to ask some battery charge / discharge capacity than many other battery, which must use the current differential. We will call this process of capacity / energy maximization.

Capacity / energy to maximize

Capacity / energy to maximize the battery pack means that all the series is set to the same battery SOC, even if they are different capacity. Time management in all SOC, the battery pack to maximize the output energy. In order to maximize the output energy, all the batteries have to be full of electricity. That is, all the battery SOC must be 100%. If the battery capacity is different from a number of battery charge / discharge the battery will be more than any other. For example, suppose there is a battery pack of three batteries in series, C1> C2 = C3. Balance of the battery packs are the only way to give a higher capacity battery (C1) to impose a differential charge current.

Discharge the battery pack must also be the case, otherwise, when the battery capacity to meet the minimum turn-off voltage, the entire tecra 8100 battery pack will stop the discharge, while remaining battery capacity of the other, thus reduce the total capacity. The long run, the capacity of the smallest dell latitude e6400 battery, dell latitude e6500 battery performance will be a recession than any other battery faster, go through a number of charge / discharge cycle will accelerate the loss of capacity.

Through the matching series battery voltage, high-capacity toshiba pa3356u-1brs will draw more current. Discharge when consumed through a balanced number of extra voltage, in the final when all batteries have reached 0SOC when obtained from the battery pack relative to the total energy balance will increase the former.

Usually cylindrical lithium-ion battery (cylindricalcell) are usually of better quality control, battery capacity difference of no more than ± 3%. Basically, more precise input capacity, the difference does not exceed some mAs (milliampere seconds). Therefore, the capacity is also the basic accuracy of the absolute value, SOC at the difference within a few percentage points.

Power lithium batteries as a new industrial investment

In recent years, electric vehicles, new energy has increasingly become an important direction of car development. Therefore, not only automotive business development of electric vehicles full of enthusiasm, as the core technology of electric vehicles, power lithium-ion sony vgp-bpl9 battery, sony vgp-bps11 batteries are also a number of parts suppliers to become a hot chase, more and more enterprises to join the development of lithium batteries for vehicle use , production. According to incomplete statistics, the industry has gathered hundreds of companies. So the influx of so many companies that have not industrialized areas, whether caused by excessive investment? Recent survey from a journalist, covering the situation, as a strategic new industry, battery industry, now that the excess investment still too early to grasp the key issue of investment Jiezou He accelerated structural adjustment, beware of investment bubble.

“For China, the development of electric vehicles are required to take.” Commenting on the development prospects of electric vehicles, the Department of Tongji University, Dr. Wei Xuezhe car express this view. He explained that currently, China’s auto output and sales volume reached 13 million, if not growth, in order to calculate annual sales of 13 million, 10 years is 130 million. 2020, car ownership in China will certainly have to break through 200 million, oil supply will be very prominent. In addition to electric vehicles, there is no other more effective solutions. Thus, while electric vehicles, or power, whether economic performance, have not reach the level of the traditional internal combustion engine vehicles hp pavilion dv9000 battery, dell vostro 1310 battery, the automotive industry have no choice. It is reported that electric car industry development has been included in the national “12 Five-Year” Plan.

It is increasingly clear that electric car development prospects, and aroused the enthusiasm for investment in battery industry. At the press survey, about 15 of the motive power of investment, only the total investment plan for 2009 reached more than 510 billion yuan. Among them, the largest investment of 300 billion yuan, at least for 50 million yuan to 1 billion -50 billion in mostly size. From the investors perspective, most of the battery, motor manufacturers, there are some cross-bank investors; in addition to business, many local governments. Like Tangshan municipal government, plans to invest 300 billion yuan, an investment is 100 billion and 2000 acres Industrial District, target group an annual capacity of 100,000 lithium-ion electric vehicle battery pack. Jinan, Shandong provincial government also plans also invest 5 billion yuan, is expected to reach 1 million units of electric vehicle battery production capacity, the first investment of 2 billion yuan. Which is the lowest investment Huafang power days, for 50 million yuan. And these are just part of the investment power lithium dell inspiron e1505 battery, dell latitude e6400 batteries.

From the international point of view, the market forecast that the global large-size lithium-ion batteries such as Li-ion battery market in the next few years a large number of surplus production capacity in 2015 will exceed 100%. The state subsidies will be stimulated more investment. In addition, most in developing countries is concentrated in the battery manufacturing field, and not the core of the material research and development. Really able to fully meet the technical requirements of vehicle manufacturers, with the consistency and size of capacity of qualified, low-cost battery supplier in fact still very scarce. Another authoritative report of the investigation agency pointed out: “low-end manufacturing capacity for repeated construction, lack of core R & D manufacturing technology, imitation, copy, emerging, and that is the status of the battery industry in these countries.”

The situation in China battery industry have been very prominent. From the investment scale, the current stake, to join the hp pavilion dm3 battery, asus a32-f3 battery industry, many enterprises, but the real is able to meet loading requirements, technical stability of the battery business is not over. 863 plans major lithium-ion battery supporting one of the BAK International Vice President Cui Ke believe that it is hard to say whether the excess investment in lithium batteries. On the one hand, the current electric cars have not really achieved mass production, the electric car market has not formed, the next in the end how much the battery is still ideas to solve. On the other hand, apparently a lot of investment companies, but the overall look very different scale of investment, enterprise strength varies greatly, not the same purpose, can be described as quite a mixed bag. Many of them really join the new energy automotive industry, but some are from chasing hot spots, but do concept to make money. Mobile power supply system to do a great degree of difficulty involved in security issues, including the testing cycle, including the determination of the program hp compaq 6910p battery, hp compaq 6510b battery and so it takes time, but also to the volume, it all depends on product quality, performance, or not so stable. The development of electric cars is not easy, and the need for improved technology, market cultivation and infrastructure construction, real industrialization is still at least a year or two. This requires that the battery companies to loneliness, but also with the development of electric vehicle technology, continuous improvement programs to increase investment. Strength of the weak or those who just want a quick kill no long-term plan left the company may not last the day, close down or switch to advance. From this point of view, real power to meet the demand for electric vehicles, batteries industrial enterprises are not many.

Based on the status of the lithium industry, industry experts believe that lithium industry to adapt to the development of electric vehicles, electric vehicles to meet the matching requirements Industry, will have a survival of the fittest in the integration process, and within a year or two the situation will be dell xps m1530 battery, dell xps m1730 battery clear.

Acer take two looking for a joint attack Lenovo Founder

Lenovo and the world's most important rival Acer sang a rival show, hp Compaq 6510b battery, hp Compaq 6910p Battery Acer is the protagonist, the biggest local rival Lenovo Founder is the play's best supporting actor. The same morning, about 100 meters away from the nest west of the building heard an argument Pangu: afternoon, just promoted to the world's second-largest PC maker Acer announced the acquisition will be here in China's second largest domestic PC maker Founder to change in China the decline, with the largest PC maker Lenovo for local peak duel. In 2008, Pan Gu had a well-known buildings have spread the rumor: Bill Gates the world's richest man, throwing high several hundred million dollars to buy a roof air courtyard to watch the Beijing Olympics.

Results and talk a little distance: Founder Group and Acer sign strategic cooperation is the intention, rather than the acquisition agreement. This agreement allows the presence of reporters waiting disappointed, but also very imagination. Acer CEO Lanci said: cooperation is just beginning, the future does not exclude all possible, then, Founder and Acer to build a team, to discuss cooperation details.

An analysis of participants who said: according to the two sides announced a strategic cooperation intent, Founder PC business in the future operations will be outsourced to Acer, Founder use local advantages to provide some policy support. Is the difference between outsourcing and acquisitions, outsourcing the two sides shared the results of the Chinese PC market operations, while the acquisition by the acquirer Acer alone bear the risks and benefits.

Affected by the news, Founder Technology shares rose 5% of the day. A source revealed, Founder Technology is tackling these placements, and Acer cooperation is conducive to hp pavilion dv2 battery, hp pavilion dv7 Battery the advancement of the project.

That evening, Lenovo released the annual report, revenue grew 53%.

Acer, Founder cooperation model

Founder Group CEO Mr Lee told reporters that day, said the two sides in product development, sales channels, service and brand cooperation.

Founder of the computer system from the stores sales channels, 3C store, agents, composed of industry partners, in addition to Lenovo, the Founder Group owns the most powerful home PC sales network. Founder service network includes 30 regional service management agencies, more than 100 customer service centers, more than 300 authorized service agencies and more than 3,000 service engineers, distributed more than 240 cities nationwide. Lanci said Acer Founder more value in education, government, telecommunications and other industry resources, client resources and channels.

The Acer channels in China including Digital China, the two agency partners, Ingram Micro, as well as dozens of provincial-level agents, 100 distributors.

In the future, Acer and Founder will share in the above paragraphs and after-sales service system, Acer's products have the whole country, especially in secondary and tertiary cities, sales and service network. For the Founder, we can help Acer worldwide marketing network, our products are sold overseas.

Acer also bullish on Founder's local R & D capability and local manufacturing capacity. Founder a better understanding of the needs of local consumers, Acer in the future for products sold in China with Founder's local R & D, Founder Suzhou plant has an annual output of 6 million units PC manufacturing capacity, the Acer can save logistics costs.

Cooperation is complete, Founder brands will remain independent dell xps m1530 battery, dell xps m1730 battery. Acer good at a regional multi-brand operation, in addition to the Acer brand, but also including Gateway, Packard Bell and eMachines three major computer brands, the three brands were obtained through acquisitions.

Founder and Acer will set up a joint team to implement the plan. The two sides Dell Inspiron 9300 Battery have already started co-operation, Acer launched its first new version in the Chinese e-books LumiRead, and content of sweet potatoes with the Founder's network of cooperation.

Founder Group's PC manufacturing business go from here has been of concern to the outside world. Founder Group, respectively, including financial, medical and pharmaceutical, IT three major business areas, IT small business than the previous two. In the IT business, Founder has more focus on typesetting, digital publishing software and services business.

Lee denied the Founder PC manufacturing operations will eventually be sold to Acer's guess, he stressed: Founder PC will remain an independent property rights and brands.

The new king of new troubles

Take a second look, Acer can be described as complacency. Acer chairman JT Wang said during an interview the day: Acer as a company from China Taiwan, notebooks have been done in the global world, the next goal is the overall sales of desktop and laptop to do in the world .

70% of Acer's revenues come from notebooks, the first quarter of this year, the laptop than HP, with 19.4% share of the world's first, the revenue of 50 billion. However, the global desktop business contraction, the overall PC sales Acer ranks second in the world. Lanci, that in 2010, Acer's revenue will grow 20%, overall revenue to 20 billion -210 billion.

But let JT Wang tangle is that the Chinese dell latitude d630 battery, dell latitude d620 battery market has been very satisfactory. Acer first quarter report showed that 50% of revenue from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, 30% from Asia; 5% from China. Five years ago, Stan Shih to step down, Wang take place, the Chinese region of revenues are 8%.

The rapid rise of the mainland market, let JT Wang has a sense of urgency. JT Wang predicted that a year and a half later, China will surpass the U.S. as the world's largest PC market.

Loss of mainland China, will lose the future, to go beyond the HP to become the King PC, Wang must do something in China, Lenovo is the most powerful rival Acer.

Over the past three years, Acer in the global M & A way to attack the association attack. August 2007, Acer acquired the third largest U.S. PC maker Gateway, check Lenovo acquired IBM business expansion in the North American continent. The acquisition of Gateway, Acer is also successfully claimed from the mouth Lenovo Packard Bell, eMachines.

In Europe, North America, after the two major mature market check Lenovo, Acer began wondering emerging markets. Lanci said: In the BRIC countries, Acer's market share in Russia is the first in Brazil is the second in India is the third, are beyond the Lenovo Group, but only in China, has lagged far behind Lenovo.

Cooperation with the Founder, Wang tried to get rid of the current passive situation. Lanci said: Founder and current sales of Acer together, more than Dell, the third largest. For Acer, the third largest in mainland China has important strategic significance: China is Lenovo's backyard, the third strategy of containment from the association, affect its global operations.

The evolution of continental channel strategy

Acer founder Stan Shih in the initial planning hp pavilion dv9000 battery, hp pavilion dm3 battery, the mainland will be your rear, Shih did not think that after 20 years of twists and turns, the mainland is still entangled in the market make him the most.

Over the past decade, local manufacturers Lenovo, Founder, the rise of the same side, Acer has been in a passive position.

Stan Shih in office, its strategic focus has been on channel strategy, and its strategy based on his understanding of the Chinese market: China's only a sales value of products.

Acer 1983, the first of the mainland, because there is no right to sell the system with a national distributor, was selected four days, respectively Quanguozongdai commitment, Octopus, dell latitude e6400 battery, dell vostro 1310 battery Silver Ka, double-hui, general agent is responsible for customs clearance, collection, distribution.

Then got the right to sell Acer, began to consider removing four Quanguozongdai, a branch system. Greater China when he was general manager of Acer's Linxian Lang said that given the PC industry's profit has slipped to about 10% of the total re-established on behalf of the following two, three agents of the model will erode corporate profits, allowing companies operating unsustainable .

In 2002, Acer has in Beijing, Shenyang, Xi'an, Wuhan, Shanghai, Chengdu, Guangzhou, seven business units (ie subsidiaries), and in Beijing, Zhongshan, set up two assembly plants, the marketing and sale are classified as North China, East China Area 7. In 2003, more than 10 branches were in Jinan, Nanjing and other cities set up. November 2003, Stan Shih in for the kill, the total abolition of the four generations of the agency, replaced by Acer directly to their provincial offices and local municipal agencies, the implementation of flat channel policy.

But the cancellation of the total generation failed. In 2004, the branch began to expose problems. Acer internal sources, accounts receivable management, use of credits is not working well, sales have not increased with the increase in branch offices.

Shih until retirement, the adjustment strategy is not to leave ", adjust." The occasion of the retirement of Stan Shih was still interviewed said: Lenovo in China is not successful, due to channel strategy is not successful. This knowledge directly affects the current CEO and current chairman JT Wang Lanci.

In early 2005, Lanci became the global general manager of Acer, announced the full copy the European model, the implementation agency, to establish a "new distribution model." That in the mainland choose 2-3 Quanguozongdai, around the provincial agency through Quanguozongdai marketing, while strict distinction between asus a32-f3 battery, hp probook 4311s battery agents and distributors.

The new distribution model in Europe did not bring the same to Acer's success, five IBM ThinkPad X40 Battery years of experience in return now come to their senses: to succeed in China, not only to consider the adjustment of channel strategy, but need to understand the local policy, using local talent to develop a suitable strategy in China, the establishment of a local ecosystem characteristics.

Cooperation with the Founder, Acer escape ", adjust" cycle efforts. After 27 years, Acer has started to re-understanding of China: This is not just a sales division.